"What Is the What" Characters Analysis

List of Characters

Role Identification

"What Is the What" is a novel by Dave Eggers that tells the remarkable and harrowing journey of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese refugee. The story is based on the real-life experiences of Valentino, who is the protagonist and narrator of the book. In addition to Valentino, there are various supporting characters who play significant roles in his life and contribute to his character development.

Character Descriptions

1. Valentino Achak Deng: The primary character and narrator of the story, Valentino is a Sudanese refugee from the Dinka tribe. He is portrayed as a resilient and compassionate individual, determined to overcome the adversities he faces during the Sudanese Civil War and his journey to the United States.
2. Moses: Valentino's best friend and a fellow refugee, Moses is described as charismatic and a natural leader. He provides Valentino with emotional support and helps him navigate through difficult situations.
3. Tabitha: Tabitha, an Ethiopian refugee, becomes Valentino's love interest. She is portrayed as strong-willed, independent, and supportive of Valentino's dreams and aspirations.
4. Emma McCune: Emma is a British aid worker who enters Valentino's life in a refugee camp. She forms a close bond with him and becomes a source of guidance for Valentino. Emma also assists Valentino in relocating to the United States.
5. Dut Nyabuon: Dut is Valentino's beloved uncle who plays a significant role in his life. He is a guiding figure and a source of wisdom for Valentino. Dut's death deeply impacts Valentino and shapes his character.
6. Marial Bai: Marial is Valentino's cousin who accompanies him during his journey from Sudan to Ethiopia and later to Kenya. He showcases loyalty and determination, sticking together with Valentino through thick and thin.
7. Abital: Abital is Valentino's spirited sister who goes missing during their displacement. Her absence haunts Valentino throughout the novel, and he is tormented by the uncertainty of her fate.
8. Sarge: Sarge is an American soldier who provides protection and support to Valentino and other refugees during their journey. He assists them in their quest to find safety and plays a pivotal role in Valentino's survival.
9. Evelyn Deng: Valentino's mother is depicted as a resilient woman who instills in her son the values of perseverance and compassion. She strives to protect Valentino and his siblings despite the challenges they face.
10. William K: William K is Valentino's childhood friend. He eventually becomes a commander for the Sudan People's Liberation Army and reconnects with Valentino in America.

Character Traits

1. Valentino Achak Deng: Resilient, compassionate, determined, introspective, adaptive, and ambitious.
2. Moses: Charismatic, brave, protective, influential, and resourceful.
3. Tabitha: Strong-willed, brave, nurturing, supportive, and empathetic.
4. Emma McCune: Compassionate, idealistic, adventurous, resourceful, and influential.
5. Dut Nyabuon: Wise, paternal, authoritative, caring, and introspective.
6. Marial Bai: Loyal, resilient, protective, trustful, and adventurous.
7. Abital: Spirited, adventurous, independent, and curious.
8. Sarge: Protective, authoritative, kind-hearted, and resourceful.
9. Evelyn Deng: Resilient, dedicated, nurturing, wise, and selfless.
10. William K: Courageous, loyal, ambitious, influential, and determined.

Character Background

Valentino Achak Deng, the protagonist, was born in the southern part of Sudan. He grew up in the village of Marial Bai, surrounded by his loving family and community. However, his life takes an unfortunate turn when war erupts in Sudan. He is forced to flee his village, leaving behind his home and loved ones. Separated from his family, Valentino embarks on a tumultuous journey, facing violence, starvation, and the constant threat of death. He finds himself in refugee camps in Ethiopia and Kenya, where he encounters various characters who shape his path to survival and eventually a new life in the United States.

Character Arcs

1. Valentino Achak Deng: Valentino's character arc revolves around his transformation from an innocent and carefree child living in the village to an indomitable survivor, navigating the complexities of war, displacement, and assimilation into a new culture. He learns to overcome his fears, adapt to different environments, and rebuild his life from scratch.
2. Moses: Moses plays a crucial role in Valentino's journey. His character arc showcases his growth as a protector and leader. Moses transitions from being a carefree youth to a responsible adult, providing guidance and support to Valentino and other refugees.
3. Tabitha: Tabitha evolves from being a fellow refugee to Valentino's love interest. Her character arc highlights her strength and determination in the face of adversity, inspiring Valentino to persevere.
4. Emma McCune: Emma's character arc showcases her transformation from a compassionate aid worker to a matronly figure in Valentino's life. She becomes instrumental in helping Valentino secure a new life in America, despite facing personal challenges.

Relationships

1. Valentino and Moses: Valentino and Moses share a deep bond forged through their challenging experiences. They provide emotional support and protect each other throughout their journey.
2. Valentino and Tabitha: Valentino and Tabitha embark on a tender romance as they navigate the refugee camps together. Their relationship brings comfort and solace amidst the chaos.
3. Valentino and Dut Nyabuon: Dut Nyabuon, Valentino's respected uncle, serves as a guiding figure and mentor to Valentino. Their relationship is characterized by mutual respect and wisdom.
4. Valentino and Emma McCune: Emma becomes a motherly figure in Valentino's life, offering guidance and support as he navigates his way to safety. Their relationship is marked by mutual admiration and trust.
5. Valentino and Marial Bai: Marial, Valentino's cousin, accompanies him throughout his journey. They share a strong bond, relying on each other for support and protection.

Conclusion

"What Is the What" presents a rich ensemble of characters who contribute to the gripping narrative of Valentino Achak Deng's life as a Sudanese refugee. Each character brings a unique perspective and plays a significant role in Valentino's journey towards survival, resilience, and ultimately finding hope in a new world. Dave Eggers skillfully intertwines these characters, their backgrounds, and relationships, creating a compelling and profound story of humanity's strength in the face of unimaginable adversity.